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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。2 i1 c& ~( _5 E
5 Y- G6 H m9 l. _# R. U( M: A( q He sat down to have a rest. (表目的)" D' {* f% b) r7 P* j3 A r3 s
' V; C" R7 v5 S They went there to visit their teacher.
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r! y8 F' @: p/ U' K: t9 g 他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)
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He woke up only / just to find everybody gone." x! W% Z( ~7 O. F& z0 @- \
7 _- h! _5 L+ d 他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)' {2 y% G8 I- m% ^* K7 E
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My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.+ a8 x ?1 x- e( I# G( ]) r
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我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果)
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在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:; A4 B4 Y& K# ~2 ^9 m. b
$ ]. ^. T, c+ X I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。2 O8 c% n) H6 g$ i! |4 f
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I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。
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在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:+ T' B0 z3 A- E4 t& r
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He was too excited not to say a few words.
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/ W$ `, M- v0 e h. w 他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。0 q' _6 c# z4 D. U$ b5 Y
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He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。
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She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。
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& ?% @( ~$ G0 b* w W1 B4 v7 j 注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。. Q( i, b# |: i. j! h" j/ a1 q
( l1 S* \+ m8 B, k% V H He got up early in order to catch the first bus., X; Z" q) a3 k" W5 l* e j
, M2 T% |/ O: M 他早起为了赶上第一班车。
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4 h7 a. G I( {: U0 j- n: W The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers./ t- _" {8 u0 p* u
9 ?4 M% u2 C0 ^ 汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。
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/ w _" |! f u2 ? G- y5 n9 J4 B* P To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)+ u6 b- u$ U, \# Z
) T$ Q" H* s, L- q" O- } To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.% Y2 i; ]( s2 B! A' }
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To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)
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